1. Alfalfa Yields vary with potassium fertilization and 
soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
 
2. Daily productions per animal increases as AP per unit
of land area increases  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
 
3. As unutilized cool season grasses grow from leafy to
stemmy stages, dramatic increases in dry matter yields are
accompanied by increases in cell wall materials and decreases
in protein and nonstructural carbohydrates  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
 
4. When perennial grasses or legumes grow from leafy to 
bloom growth stages, protein and mineral contents decline
dramatically with leafiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
 
5. As red clover and Orchardgrass grow from leafy to bloom
stages of growth, animal production declines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12-13
 
6. Meat or milk production per animal increases with 
digestible dry matter intake  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
 
7. Morphological characteristics of the four main perennial
forage legumes in Virginia  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
 
8. Grazing and utilization methods are related to the 
morphological characteristics of grasses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
 
9. During winter, dormant alfalfa plants obtain energy from
nonstructural carbohydrates in roots and crowns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
 
10. Light interception by forage canopies increases and the
plateaus as the leaf area increases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
 
11. Orchardgrass tillers were treated to have low and high
nonstructural carbohydrates with each of two leaf area to 
measure growth potential  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
 
12. Morphological development of grasses of temperate origin
as exemplified with tall fescue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24-25
 
13. Grazing management controls balance of plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27
 
14. After grazing or cutting, new shoots of alfalfa originate
from stem bases and crowns near or below the soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
 
15. Overgrazing causes a poor soil cover resulting in water 
runoff, soil erosion, and poor insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31
 
16. Pasture growth and quality, with AP nearly constant
differ with seasons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32
 
17. Controlled stocking based on AP gave higher liveweight
gains per animal and per acre than constant stocking  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  34