WEST VIRGINIA APPLE CROP PROFILE
Spotted
tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.): Spotted tentiform
leafminer has widespread occurrence throughout the commercial fruit production area, but
does not reach important pest status in all orchards. Problem sites within the last 20
years have been primarily due to the development of resistance to organophosphate
insecticides. Average mine density in excess of two per leaf can reduce fruit quality and
quantity, decrease size, cause premature leaf and fruit drop, and reduce fruit set the
following year.Chemical control: Insecticide applications are typically targeted against spring brood adults and first and/or second generation sap-feeding larvae. A sequential sampling scheme is used to assess mine density to determine the need for spray applications. |
|
|
Amount used |
|
Insecticide |
% of acres treated |
lb a.i./acre/application |
lb a.i./acre/year |
Abamectin |
18 |
0.0125 |
0.0125 |
Esfenvalerate |
38 |
0.03 |
0.03 |
Imidacloprid |
28 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
Methomyl |
9 |
0.34 - 0.45 |
0.34 - 0.90 |
Oxamyl |
8 |
0.375 - 0.75 |
0.375 - 0.75 |
Biological control: A complex of predators and parasitoids exert biological control on spotted tentiform leafminer, with three parasitoids being quite common in most orchards. Insecticide control of the third generation of spotted tentiform leafminer is discouraged in order to allow parasitoid survival to reduce the overwintering leafminer population.