Project Number: WVA00377
CRIS Number: 0166741
Multi-State Project: NE-183
MULTIDISCIPLINARY EVALUATION OF NEW APPLE CULTIVARS
Investigators: Hogmire, H., Biggs, A.
Performing Department: Plant & Soil Sciences -- 1825
Start Date: 10/01/1999
Termination Date: 09/30/2004
Reporting period: 01/01/2001 to 12/31/2001
Progress Report:
As part of a regional project (NE-183), 26 new apple cultivar/rootstock combinations (23 cultivars on M.9 337 rootstock and 3 cultivars on MARK rootstock) in their seventh leaf were evaluated for relative arthropod pest susceptibility. For rosy apple aphid, the least susceptible were Braeburn, Ginger Gold, Goldrush, Honeycrisp, NY75414-1, Orin, Sansa, Senshu, Suncrisp and Pioneer Mac, and the most susceptible were Enterprise and Cameo. For spirea aphid, the least susceptible were Goldrush and Honeycrisp, and the most susceptible were Shizuka, Cameo, Enterprise and Arlet. For European red mite, the least susceptible were Enterprise and Pioneer Mac, and the most susceptible were Yataka, Pristine, Arlet and Shizuka. For Japanese beetle, the least susceptible were Golden Supreme, Goldrush, Sunrise, Pioneer Mac and Sansa, and the most susceptible were Enterprise, Gala Supreme, Yataka and Senshu. For spotted tentiform leafminer, the least susceptible were Sansa and Golden Delicious, and the most susceptible were Fortune and Cameo. For white apple leafhopper, the least susceptible were Braeburn and Golden Delicious, and the most susceptible were Enterprise, Shizuka, Creston and Suncrisp. For tarnished plant bug, the least susceptible were Yataka and Creston, and the most susceptible was Cameo. For plum curculio, the least susceptible were Fuji Red Sport #2 and Braeburn, and the most susceptible were Ginger Gold, Yataka and NY75414-1. For codling moth and oriental fruit moth, the least susceptible were Sunrise, Pristine and Sansa, and the most susceptible were Golden Delicious, Cameo, Shizuka, Goldrush and Gala Supreme. Internal larvae collected from harvested fruit consisted of 78% codling moth and 22% oriental fruit moth. For tufted apple bud moth and redbanded leafroller, the least susceptible were Pristine and Sunrise, and the most susceptible were Gala Supreme, Fortune, Cameo and Enterprise. For internal worms and leafrollers, amount of injury was related to date of cultivar maturity, averaging 8, 26 and 29% for internal worms and 4, 11 and 19% for leafrollers for cultivars harvested in July to August, September and October, respectively. The highest percentage of clean fruit occurred with Sansa, Pristine and Sunrise, while Shizuka and Cameo had the lowest. When all pests were combined, susceptibility was lowest for Sansa and Pioneer Mac and highest for Shizuka and Cameo. Of the three cultivars on both M.9 337 and MARK rootstocks (Braeburn, Golden Delicious and Yataka), susceptibility to all foliage pests combined was higher on M.9 337 for all three cultivars. Susceptibility to all fruit pests combined was also higher on M.9 337 for Golden Delicious and Yataka, but slightly higher on MARK for Braeburn due only to a significantly higher level of injury from tarnished plant bug. When all pests and both rootstocks were considered, the susceptibility of these three cultivars on MARK was in the lowest category, comparable to Sansa and Pioneer Mac on M.9 337.
Publications:
Biggs, A.R. and Miller, S.S. 2001. Relative susceptibility of selected cultivars to Colletotrichum acutatum. Plant Disease 85: 657-660.
Impact:
Knowledge of the relative susceptibility of new apple cultivars to arthropod pests will help in the future selection and management of those cultivars, which could lead to a reduction in chemical use for pest management.